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This paper examines the main drives of encouraging Iranian investors in the Turkish real estate market, focusing on the interface between push factors and pull factors that drive them abroad.

This paper examines the main drives of encouraging Iranian investors in the Turkish real estate market, focusing on the interface between push factors and pull factors that drive them abroad. For this purpose, the trend of housing price growth in Iran and Turkey was compared. The review of the 11-year trend of rates shows that housing prices in both countries have been continuously rising, and these prices have undoubtedly experienced increasing shocks in Iran. For further analysis, 13 main variables leading to the repulsion of investment in Iran's housing market and 15 variables shaping the attractiveness of investment in Turkey were identified in this sector. Thirty experts subsequently ranked the significant variables based on a closed-end questionnaire using quantitative strategic planning matrix. Examining housing investment elasticity in Turkey also shows that “Turkey's economic stability compared to neighboring countries” and “acquiring Turkish citizenship through real estate investment” are among the most important variables. On the other hand, the pressure variables of housing investment in Iran were “decrease in the value of the Iranian currency in recent years,” “currency price fluctuations” and “severe fluctuations and instability in the Iranian housing market.”

Examining housing investment elasticity in Turkey also shows that “Turkey's economic stability compared to neighboring countries” and “acquiring Turkish citizenship through real estate investment” are among the most important variables. On the other hand, the pressure variables of housing investment in Iran were “decrease in the value of the Iranian currency in recent years,” “currency price fluctuations” and “severe fluctuations and instability in the Iranian housing market.”

From a theoretical standpoint, foreign investment is in support of Turkey and harmful to Iran because the Turkish government is bolstering investment attractiveness to bring increased capital inflows into this country. Practically speaking, Turkey has aimed to create a rational framework for investors by strengthening and changing its economic system, as well as amending existing constitutions in this domain. Nevertheless, Iran resists any changes in its economic system and legislation. Therefore, a wide range of attractiveness and repulsion variables has led to the migration of Iranian investors to Turkey. In the present study, such variables are illuminated.

Housing is an essential element in the dynamics of urbanization. One of the main reasons for urbanization is population growth. As the population grows, the need for housing also increases. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the links between housing policies and plans and demographic issues in Iran.

The research has been conducted using the qualitative method. First, 14 main indicators of the population that occurred over the past 40 years have been extracted. To investigate the role of demographic indicators in seven main housing plans and policies in Iran, 30 indigenous housing experts have been interviewed. A criteria-based sampling method has been used in this research.

The results of this study show that demographic developments have been neglected in the formulation of Iranian housing policies and plans. It is also worth noting that the lack of attention to demographic issues a main reason for the failure of housing policies in Iran.

As an important implication, the present paper revealed that the mere submission of planning to the economists has been associated with an unpleasant consequence in Iran, and now, it is time to use various expertise and sciences in this important process, as well. Certainly, the use of other sciences such as urban planners contribute greatly to the housing promotion of plans.

In the present research, the relationship between housing and population changes has been investigated because of the significance of the housing sector in Iran besides the problems in the implementation of housing plans.

This paper aims to address housing right for female-headed households in Iran housing plans.

This research was conducted on female-headed households by a demographic attribute’s analysis. This paper tries to address housing right for female-headed households in housing plans. The analysis is done in the following three steps: (1) demographic variables analysis of female-headed households. Demographic variables include economic, social and health attributes. The statistical information related to the female-headed households in Tehran used in this step is based on the statistics of the Statistical Center of Iran; (2) share of female-headed households in Tehran in proportion to the total households. Also, the activity of female-headed households in Tehran; and (3) share of housing right for female-headed households in Iran Housing Plans. In this step, a questionnaire has been developed for 30 experts in which housing right for female-headed households have been asked for Iran housing plans.

The results show that with the increase in female-headed households in Tehran, they spend about 49 per cent of their income on housing, which influences the quality and quantity of other essential requirements of them such as food, clothing, health and education. The lack of adequate housing and increased housing rentals have forced them to live in informal settlements and low-quality homes. Based on Women Housing Right, adequate and affordable housing for them has not been considered in Iran’s housing plans.

In spite of the emphasis on strengthening the position of female-headed households in the fourth, fifth and sixth development plans of Iran, this has not practically happened. The unfavorable status of female-headed households in the housing system is not due to their lack of problem-solving susceptibility, but their systematic exclusion in housing policy and practice in Tehran.

This paper has not been published in any journal.